00:24:12 Sarah Eno: We went to T C Young in G;asgow about legal forms for cohousing housing but I would not be 100% certain that even Scottish lawyers are as well informed as we need for novel legal formats. 00:24:54 Peter Lowe: Venison prices have gone off a cliff because hotels/restuarants are by far the biggest market...and they are all shut/reduced service 00:25:33 Robert Sproul-Cran: Are there any community trusts interested in partnering/leasing to a creative retreat business? 00:25:39 Douglas Coulter: Thanks Sarah. 00:26:04 Piers Voysey: Carbon friendly meat eating from a carbon friendly meeting! 00:26:27 Hazel MacLean: wwwbarefootlawyer.uk 00:29:21 Benedict Bate: Patrick Andrews is a lawyer and facilitator, a former solicitor with over 30 years experience in advising businesses and not-for-profits on their contracts, legal structures and disputes. 00:29:42 Benedict Bate: so says his web site 00:32:20 Hillary Sillitto: save a tree eat a deer! 00:33:01 Karen Grant: just though I’d share a happy memory of the Reforesting Scotland Beauly gathering when the knoydart folk, including Grant, won a bottle of whisky and a set of egg cups in the raffle, and proceeded to serve up whisky shots in egg cups to everyone!. 00:33:20 Hugh Chalmers: good discussion, many thans to all the panel. 00:33:22 Emma Chapman: I couldn't manage a whole deer! 00:33:26 Scott Ferguson: Definitely agree with that Alan. Stewardship is underused 00:33:29 Liz Murdoch: That has been a brilliant discussion - Thank you! 00:33:37 Douglas Coulter: Interesting. Thanks all. 00:33:41 Scott Ferguson: Thanks - great discussion 00:33:43 Karen Grant: great discussion, thank you so much! 00:33:47 Sian McKinnon: Thank you all, very interesting 00:34:02 Nicky Hume: Brilliant discussion with loads of useful advice. Thanks to all 00:34:39 Donald McPhillimy: Thank you for sharing your hard earned wisdom, you pioneers! 00:36:25 Ninian Stewart: Hi all. Sadly i have to leave - to go visit my partner before weekend is our - really enjoyed the Gathering (despite enforced distance) - and sorry I’ll miss Kate’s presentation and the ceilidh but will try to catch it later 00:37:33 Ruth Alexander: Thanks so much everyone - I have to go now, but this was totally brilliant! :) 00:39:08 Douglas Dalgleish: @Ninian. It is really difficult. Independent ownership empowers investment. Emotional, intellectual, financial. Difficult for a landowner to part with control. Difficult for a tenant to find the cash to purchase. Difficult for a community to step onto the unfamiliar territory of self reliance. 00:39:27 Nicky Hume: Thanks Laura, it’s all down to our resident Tech expert Al! 00:41:20 Scott Ferguson: I missed the film too - what was it? And would it be available to show at other online events? Thanks 00:42:11 Nicky Hume: Hi Scott, we will be making a recording of today available on our website 00:42:11 Alan Carter: Yes, we're recording most things and will put them on the website soon 00:44:22 Jill Bowis: So pleased to have Kates talk, heard it once before. So agree with the multllayering of the ecology we are involved in. And it is where we can add far more perennial food into the habitat we are encouraging. 00:46:05 Peter Lowe: Shifting baselines is an important point. Sadly I think we've so forgotten what a proper wood looks like that we are several shifted baselines down the road. 00:46:14 Douglas Coulter: The Yearn Stane Project film is up on YouTube at 00:46:18 Douglas Coulter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKpWtHeh2ek 00:46:40 Robert Sproul-Cran: @Piers Voysey. Thank you for your replies to my questions. Really appreciate it. And much to think about. 00:55:43 Hugh Chalmers: The point that no grazing means that understorey develops for a few decades is vital.... 00:57:15 Hugh Chalmers: Carrifran, baseline botanical survey ben and Alison Averis, and re-surveyed 13 years later - that's the kind of monitoring we need... not too intensive, same with the longterm bird survey... 00:57:41 Fi Martynoga: wonderful examples Kate. thank you. By the way, we fully intended that removing grazing pressure should restore biodiversity at Carrifran. 00:58:22 Jill Bowis: I am seeing this regeneration in the 7 copses I have planted and so any of this herbaceous layer is medicinal. Planning on doing more to support this layer as my young trees grow, again for multiple uses. 00:59:01 Peter Livingstone: Stuart the Renfrewshire Heights are missing mountain sorrel, roseroot and sea campion while we do have wild thyme, goldernrod, crowberry and cowberry. We've speculated whether they should be there? 01:00:45 Sarah Eno: Same at Carrifran. What we experience as botanists - ledge species like rose root and mountain sorrel are all the way down the valley on gravel bars or scoured river banks. 01:02:06 Sarah Eno: Renfrewshire Heights - perhaps see if you can do an exclosure because its amazing how many species reapper .. soil seed bank or blown in or regrowing after released from suppression. 01:02:58 Stuart Adair: Yes, Peter, is the simple answer. What we are learning (and have always guessed) is that our entire understanding of hill vegetation and florists has been radically altered by extensive grazing. 01:04:07 Susan McCamley: Ive noticed that since we thinned our previously unmanaged wood, a bigger range of flowers has appeared. Foxglove has spread into the open glades, along with violets, and yellow pimpernel, wild strawberry and bugle. So lovely to see. Great to have flowers included along with discussion of trees. Thank you. 01:05:28 Liz Murdoch: For a newly planted area recently rooted by pigs to remove bracken - is there likely to be any seed store remaining? 01:05:56 Stuart Adair: Aye, that would be good, Peter (don't know how to reply just to you). 01:07:22 Stuart Adair: As we all know, I think, southwest Norway is the model for Scotland but with some local variations. 01:08:00 Sarah Eno: there will definitely be some flowering plants after the pigs but does depend what was under the bracken - violets, wild and barren strawberry, buttercup, dockens, foxgloves (seeds I think last 50 years!). Ist spring season will show... 01:08:26 Stuart Adair: We have also planted lots and lots of honeysuckle, ivy, roses, brambles. 01:10:26 Stuart Adair: The thought that Iceland - with its very 'sheep wrecked' environment has these brilliant woodland remnants is both an eye opener and an inspiration. 01:10:45 Sam Guthrie: @stuart, have the hand planted wildflowers easily established? A high success rate? Interested to try planting understorey species in woodland 01:11:07 Stuart Adair: I never knew about these until seeing Kate's piece. 01:11:33 Liz Murdoch: @Sarah Thanks - I can only hope -50 years is not long in a sheep grazed area.. 01:11:44 Sam Guthrie: @stuart I mean the ones planted at carrifran? 01:11:56 Giles Laverack: Seeds in the soil seedbank will last for varying amounts of time so some species may reappear after decades but other species may disappear after only a few years of heavy grazing and many woodland understory plants are extremely slow to migrate so may not reappear when grazing is reduced. 01:12:11 Stuart Adair: We are waiting to see what happens to our translocated bearberry - the most important translocation we have tried yet, Sam. 01:12:49 Hazel MacLean: Scotia seeds sells seed for woodland flowers, I have used it in a forest garden project, keeps rank weeds out by reducing open soil for the bullies! 01:12:56 Sam Guthrie: Cheers Stuart. Will be interested to find out 01:13:15 Stuart Adair: I have a photo of just 15 years growth at Carrifran after the change of management and change happens much quicker than many suspect. 01:14:16 Liz Murdoch: @Hazel yes, I have used Scotia. Woodland plants have been hard to germinate, 01:14:40 Sarah Eno: Stuart - the Carrifran website seems to have very few of your beautiful and information photos...or am I missing a link? 01:15:50 Giles Laverack: At Scotia Seeds we'll be very happy to talk about any issues with using seeds of understory plants, just get in touch! 01:15:57 Stuart Adair: Being part of Mopffat Hills SAC/SSSI makes it a bit more tricky doing transplants of associated flora as we have to get permission for everything we do. We have a much freer hand over the hill at Talla (which is not designated) where I have already transplanted stuff like hard shield-fern, dog's mercury and others, Sam. 01:16:05 Sarah Eno: Oh great Kate, I look forward to this wonderful handbook. 01:16:15 Matt Hay: wonderful talk, thank you Kate! 01:16:20 Douglas Coulter: Great presentation Kate. Spoken with passion and authority. Thanks! 01:16:27 Sarah Eno: Thanks that's great talk. 01:16:33 Stuart Adair: Good stuff, Kate. 01:16:34 Scott Ferguson: Good to see this guidance on its way. We've had success with a wildflower earth mix following woodland thinning. Expensive though - especially if it just feeds deer... 01:16:56 Diarmid Harris: interesting chat - look forward to the publication 01:17:02 Caz Austen: Thank you so much, fascinating to see the differences! 01:17:30 Giles Laverack: Thanks Nicky, Scotia Seeds easily found on google 01:18:22 Sam Guthrie: I believe another large challenge in planting 'new native woodlands' is establishing the mycorrhizal fungi networks. Something they are missing initially and takes a veru long time to establish 01:18:23 Stuart Adair: Scotia Seeds are a good source of genuine native flora. 01:18:35 Peter Livingstone: How important is local provenance for wildflowers compared with trees. We see a lot of generic seed mixes being sown as meadows in the name of conservation... 01:18:42 Andy Robinson: I’m growing dog rose and honeysuckle but none of the flowers. 01:18:58 Karin Chipulina: Jupiter urban wildflife center in Grangemouth used to sell wild flower plug plants 01:19:23 Susan McCamley: Ive planted plugs obtained online but will have to wait until next year to see if they come up. 01:19:33 Stuart Adair: I've bought stuff from the Jupitor Centre years ago after a visit there. 01:19:38 Andy Robinson: I got wildflower seed from Eamorsgate but they look too big! 01:19:57 Diarmid Harris: i think local provenance is really important 01:20:28 Stuart Adair: Some seed mixes ase, essentially, garden mixes not really ideal for semi-natural situations. 01:20:47 Karin Chipulina: Good to find out whats in the area to know what to grow so they are of local provenance, collect seed from the area you want to grow in. 01:20:55 Rebecca Simpson: fascinating talk Kate thanks 01:21:28 Giles Laverack: There are some small producers of plants for sale, from recorded Scottish origins, possibly one or two more about to appear, certainly some potential there as there seems to be some demand. 01:21:35 Stuart Adair: Ah, management versus no management........... 01:21:44 Murray Ferguson: Thanks Kate! Great to see all the pics of your travels and to hear your stories. And excellent to hear the practical guidance about what to do to help resolve the issue is coming soon. Come and visit us soon! 01:21:50 Sarah Eno: Masses of supposed wild seed comes from other parts of the world, especially eastern Europe. That's why Scotia is so good. 01:22:09 Dave MacIntyre: Probably best to start growing and planting some of the more robust wild flowers such as campions and gowans etc and introduce other species over time. 01:22:22 Karin Chipulina: scotiaseeds are good too 01:23:01 Stuart Adair: I think Kate's basic point is - look at woods with 'filling'. Our woods are too managed many would claim and a little 'benign neglect' might be a good think. 01:23:16 Dan Carne: This is very interesting to hear, in England most of our woods are dramatically lacking in open space and edge habitat, with intense shading suppressing floral diversity. Many English ancient woodland indicator species are dependent upon light and often found concentrated within glades and rides. 01:23:23 Douglas Dalgleish: I'll screef off some turf to give wind blown seeds some soil on which to land. How effective is this? 01:23:24 Scott Ferguson: We're working on a woodland creation project with community group in Muirhead. They're looking at trying to use artificial shade (camoflage netting) through the summer to establish woodland ground flora under very young trees. 01:23:35 Dave MacIntyre: I highly recommend Scotia Seeds who can make up seed mixes to suit specific sites. 01:24:12 Maria Meyer: @Peter As long as you use wild flowers from the greater area as North-West Europe and not North America e.g. and don´t use hybrides you will make no mistake. 01:24:18 Lee Paton: Need to go now. Thanks everyone for a wonderful day 01:24:32 Andrew Thompson: What about bracken? It’s invasive in many of our woods and shades out wildflowers. 01:24:33 Diarmid Harris: I’ve had some success growing meadow in Renfrewshire with Scotia Seeds 01:24:40 Nicky Hume: Bye Lee, thanks for joining! 01:25:03 Stuart Adair: All this plant recovery also means soil and soil fauna recovery. 01:25:34 Mark Hanlon: Has their been studies of soil diversity / health in Carrifran? 01:25:36 Mark Hanlon: *there 01:25:50 Peter Livingstone: Miyawaki forests are designed to expedite establishment and canopy enclosure. Maybe a good model for introducing flowers with the trees? 01:27:00 Sarah Eno: Soil recovery after grazing is removed is a great subject for a research project. Borders Forest Trust would welcome interest. Please contact us! 01:27:14 Peter Lowe: @Dan Carne , I think you are thinking of relic species of native grassland which have been pretty much reduced to surviving in woodland glade situations and species more relating to coppice management like primrose. Many proper AW indicators like wood anenome, cowwheat, yellow archangel etc need that dappled shade 01:27:31 Mark Hanlon: I'm doing an msc in soil science so may contact yous ;) @sarah 01:27:56 Stuart Adair: Wood-pasture/parkland is, essentially, the only type of woodland we have in the UK. 'Wildwood' is extremely scarce and none on the landscape scale. 01:28:26 Dan Carne: Absolutely @Peter Lowe - that transitional habitat which produces dappled shade is key and therefore also surely dependent upon periodic management and maintaining open spaces within and adjacent to woodland? 01:29:10 Sarah Eno: Great Mark. BFT has some good sites. Email Nic Hunt at bordersforesttrust. 01:29:38 Mark Hanlon: Thanks Sarah, will do! 01:29:49 Peter Lowe: I suppose in the natural situation old trees die, wind creates gaps and the effects of large herbivores do the job. 01:29:53 Karin Chipulina: We are at the edge of a wood and trying to make a wildflower meadow with fruit trees, fruit bushes,hazel,plum etc,some shade and trying to plant native birch but don't want to loose a very rare edge habitat by a woodland of which there are not many.Many deer around but it seems ok. 01:29:54 Scott Ferguson: As an ex-soil scientist (30 yrs ago...) its great to see it's importance as an ecosystem coming back up the agenda!! 01:30:12 Stuart Adair: Remember, healthy and fully functioning ecosystems is the end goal and we should, perhaps, ween ourselves off the need to intervene beyong control of herbivores. 01:30:18 Peter Livingstone: One of our Yearnstane projects is about propagating woodland ground flora plants for introducing to planted young native woodland. 01:30:22 Peter Lowe: If anyone gets the chance to go to eastern Slovakia go and see the forests! 01:30:25 Mark Hanlon: Most biodiverse habitat in the world eh ;) 01:30:43 Diarmid Harris: Can help you here Peter 01:31:03 Dan Carne: And the wooded meadows in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania! 01:31:10 Sarah Eno: Yes instant networking! 01:31:29 Stuart Adair: Slovakia, Romania, Poland, Belorus................jealous!! :-) 01:31:49 Sarah Eno: oh this has been lovely. many thanks to all of you. 01:31:59 Peter Lowe: One thing we haven't covered today is forest soils...next event? The base of everything 01:32:19 Stuart Adair: We imported deadwood to Carrifran, especially for the fungi. 01:33:01 Stuart Adair: With hindsight, we could have done a lot more on that score, so lessined learned for thenest time. 01:33:11 Crinan Alexander: And dead wood in the burns! 01:33:17 Mark Hanlon: I would happily write something on soil for the journal 01:33:52 Giles Laverack: Thanks Kate for a great talk. Delighted to see that there is so much interest in and thought about this subject. Will look out for the report on the NatureScot site very soon. 01:33:58 Stuart Adair: We source it from native stands and don't use non-native wood for deadwood to answer Kate's point. 01:34:21 Andrew Thompson: Would you move beavers!!!? 01:34:34 Peter Lowe: Soil innoculation from nearby native woods Stuart? 01:34:46 Liz Murdoch: @Mark, that would be very interesting. Can you email us about this? 01:34:46 Stuart Adair: It is a surupticious way, perhaps, of translocating species with going through the formal permissions. 01:35:01 Stuart Adair: 'without' 01:35:03 Matt Hay: The latest Reforesting Scotland blog post looked at soils, specifically carbon: https://reforestingscotland.org/category/blog/ 01:35:05 Scott Ferguson: Thanks everyone - this has been a great event. I'm definitely feeling inspired by your knowledge and enthusiasm. 01:35:18 Rachel Avery: thanks lovely Kate for a great talk! 01:35:30 Sam Guthrie: Thank you Katie for the fascinating talk. Great subject 01:35:35 Jill Bowis: Elaine Ingham on youtube is amazing on soils 01:35:40 Liz Murdoch: THank you for a fascinating talk 01:35:47 Stuart Adair: Excellent, Kate, as usual. 01:35:48 Jill Bowis: Wonderful to hear the talk again and see the great response 01:35:50 Matt Hay: @Mark - drop journal@reforestingscotland.org a line about your article idea! 01:35:53 Diarmid Harris: great - thanks 01:35:58 Fi Martynoga: Brava! 01:35:59 Annabel Everard: Thank you for a great talk! 01:36:00 Mark Hanlon: Thanks Matt, will do! 01:36:00 Andy Robinson: Thank you! 01:36:04 Mark Hanlon: Thank you Katie! 01:36:19 Douglas Dalgleish: Thank you Kate. Fascinating. 01:37:08 Stuart Adair: My first ever 'virtual' Cèilidh! 01:37:09 Jill Bowis: of to a Viking Naval Combat talk .. back for the ceilidh .. Mairi is fab 01:38:07 Nicky Hume: Wow, we’ve had over 120 viewers at each of todays session, from Norway to the US and lots of places in-between. If you haven’t already then please add your location to this map, we would love to see where everyone is joining us from. Just click “add marker” at the top right. No need to include any personal details or your address, just your nearest Town or Village and an optional message: http://getethermap.org/m/reforesting-scotland-virtual-gathering-2020-attendees-map 01:38:55 Willie Whitelaw (rec): Hooray for Al. 01:38:58 Matt Hay: Thank you, Al! Enjoy the whiskey! 01:39:10 Willie Whitelaw (rec): Well Done all. Really enjoyed it 01:39:26 Andy Robinson: Thanks everyone! Great event! 01:39:31 Andrew Thompson: Thanks to everyone for a great day from both of us, Andrew & Felicity 01:39:49 Caroline Weinberger: Thanks to all for an absoutely fabulous and informative day. I was blown away. 01:40:12 David Somervell: Please at least say how many participants at peak today! 01:40:17 Willie Whitelaw (rec): Have spent the whole day here. Did not expect that I would enjoy it so much. 01:40:21 Nicky Hume: Thanks to everyone who’s joined and asked so many great questons 01:40:33 Charlotte Hay: A great day - very interesting and great interaction. 01:40:37 Rachel Avery: thanks so much everyone! Really great event 01:40:51 Amanda Calvert: Thanks everyone 01:40:53 Duncan Halley: Many thanks, Kate, for an excellent talk; and to Alan and his colleagues for running the show so well. Once we don't need to be virtual anymore, you'll all be welcome in Norway! 01:40:53 Rachel Avery: I'd heard its not gone below 150ish folk all day! fantabulous 01:40:54 Maria Meyer: Thank you very much for all your effort. Really enjoyed the day with Reforesting Scotland. There great talks and interesting topics. Hope to see you eye to eye next year 01:41:05 B. Hil: A hybrid distance + local format can be done and offer the best of both worlds 01:41:11 Mark Hanlon: thank you! 01:41:11 Piers Voysey: I saw up to 150 on my counter today, dropped to 120 just now 01:41:24 Stuart Adair: Although the 'real thing' would be better, I'm getting quite into this Zoom thing - great to connect with fellow tree-huggers while sitting here on my tod. 01:41:37 David Somervell: Please put the link in the chat here for Mairi’s Ceilidh! 01:41:45 Hugh Chalmers: big hugs Stuart! 01:41:57 Stuart Adair: Aye, a link here would be handy.